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ENGINEERS TRANSIT
Upper Plate or Alidade Assembly

Engineering Aid 3 - Beginning Structural engineering guide book
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The   transit   (fig.   11-6)   is   often   called   the universal  survey  instrument  because  of  its  uses.  It may  be  used  for  measuring  horizontal  angles  and directions,    vertical    angles,    and    differences    in elevations;  for  prolonging  straight  lines;  and  for measuring  distances  by  stadia.  Although  transits  of various manufacturers differ in appearance, they are alike in their essential parts and operations. The engineer’s transit contains several hundred parts.  For-descriptive  purposes,  these  parts  may  be grouped  into  three  assemblies:  the  leveling  head assembly,  the  lower  plate  assembly,  and  the  upper many plate or alidade assembly (fig. 11-7). Leveling Head Assembly The leveling head of the transit normally is the four-screw type, constructed so the instrument can be shifted on the foot plate for centering over a marked point on the ground. Lower Plate Assembly The lower plate assembly of the transit consists of  a  hollow  spindle  that  is  perpendicular  to  the 29.242 Figure 11-6.-An engineer’s transit. 11-14







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