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STRUCTURAL STEEL SHAPES - 14070_29
STEEL FRAME STRUCTURES - 14070_31

Engineering Aid 1 - Advanced Structural engineering guide book
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Figure 1-34.—Angles. Figure 1-35.—Built-up column section. web and the weight, in pounds, per foot of length. A W14 x 30, for example, indicates a W-shape that is 14 inches deep along its web and weighs 30 pounds per linear foot. Hence a 20-foot length of this size W-shape would weigh a total of 600 pounds. The bearing pile,  HP-shape, is almost identical to the W-shape. The only difference is the thickness of the web and flange. In the bearing pile, the web and flange thickness are equal, whereas the W-shape has unequal web and flange thickness. An angle is a structural shape whose cross section resembles the letter  L. As pictured in figure 1-34, angles are available with either equal or unequal legs. The dimension and thickness of its legs are used to identify an angle; for example, L6 x 4 x 1/2. The dimension of each leg is measured along the outside of the angle, and for unequal-leg angles, the dimension of the wider leg is always given first, as in the example just cited. The third dimension applies to the thickness of the legs, which always have equal thickness. Angles are used primarily  to  support,  brace,  or  connect  other  structural members. They may be used as single members, or they may be used in combinations of two or four to form main members. Steel plate is a structural member that has a width greater than 8 inches and a thickness of 1/4 inch or more. Plates are generally used as connections between other structural   members.   They   may   also   be   used   as Figure  1-36.—Weight  and  thickness  of  steel  plate. Figure 1-37.—Bars. component parts of built-up structural members, such as the built-up column shown in figure 1-35. Plates cut to specific sizes may be obtained in widths ranging from 8  inches  to  120  inches  or  more  and  in  various thicknesses. Plates are identified by their thickness, width, and length,  all  measured  in  inches;  for  example,  PL 1/2 x 18 x 30. Sometimes, you may also hear plate referred to by its approximate weight per square foot for a specified thickness. As shown in figure 1-36, 1 cubic foot  of  steel  weighs  490  pounds.  This  weight  divided  by 12 gives you 40.8 pounds, which is the weight of a steel plate measuring 1 foot square and 1 inch thick. By dropping the fractional portion, a 1-inch plate is called a 40-pound plate; and, with similar reasoning, a 1/2-inch plate  is  called  a  20-pound  plate. The structural shape referred to a bar has a width of 8 inches or less and a thickness greater than 3/16 inch. The  edges  of  bars  usually  are  rolled  square,  like universal mill plates. The dimensions are expressed in a similar manner as that for plates; for instance, bar 6 x 1/2. Bars are available in a variety of cross-sectional shapes-round,  hexagonal,  octagonal,  square,  and  flat. Three different shapes are shown in figure 1-37. Both squares and rounds are commonly used as bracing members  of  light  structures.  Their  dimensions,  in 1-18







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