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Table 10-1.Soil Conversion Factors
Figure 10-10.Profile and mass diagram. - 14070_211

Engineering Aid 1 - Advanced Structural engineering guide book
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Tabulating Cumulative Yardage.—  The first step in making a mass diagram is to prepare a  table of cumulative yardage, like the one shown in table 10-2. Under  End  Areas,  you  put  the  cross-sectional  area  at each station—sometimes this is cut, sometimes fill, and sometimes (as at stations 9 + 00 and 15 + 00) part cut and part fill. Under Volumes, you put the volumes of  cut  or  fill  between  stations,  computed  from  the average  end  areas  and  the  distance  between  sections in cubic yards. Note that, besides the sections at each full station, sections are taken at every plus where both the cut and the fill are zero. Note also that cut volumes are designated as plus and fill volumes as minus. Under  Algebraic  Sums  Volumes,  Cumulative, you put the cumulative volume at each station and each plus, computed, in each case, by determining the algebraic sum of the volume at that station or plus and the preceding cumulative total; for example, at station 8 + 00 the cumulative total is –563. At station 9 + 00 there is a volume of cut of +65 and a volume of fill of –305, making a net of –240. The cumulative total at station 9 + 00, then, is (–563)+ (–240), or –803. Plotting Mass Diagram.— Figure 10-10 shows the  values  from  the  table  of  cumulative  yardage plotted on a mass diagram. The vertical coordinates are cumulative volumes, plus or minus, from a  line of zero yardage, each horizontal line representing an increment   of   200   cubic   yards.   The   horizontal coordinates  are  the  stations,  each  vertical  line representing  a  full  100-foot  station. As  you  can  see,  the  mass  diagram  makes  it possible  for  you  to  determine  by  inspection  the yardage  of  cut  or  fill  lying  between  any  pair  of stations. Between station 0 + 00 and station 3 + 50, for example,  there  are  about  800  cubic  yards  of  cut. Between station 3 + 50 and station 7 + 00, there are about  800  cubic  yards  of  fill  (descending  curve). Between station 7 + 00 and station 10 + 50, there are about 850 cubic yards of fill (curve still descending), and so on. Table  10-2.—Table  of  Cumulative  Yardage 10-12







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