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Bearing Piles - 14070_19
STABLE-SHORELINE  STRUCTURES - 14070_21

Engineering Aid 1 - Advanced Structural engineering guide book
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Figure  1-13.—Rubble-mound  breakwater  or  jetty. Figure  1-14.—Composite  breakwater  or  jetty. WATERFRONT STRUCTURES Waterfront structures may be broadly divided into three types as fpllows: (1) harbor-shelter structures, (2)  stable-shoreline  structures,  and  (3)  wharfage structures. HARBOR-SHELTER  STRUCTURES Harbor-shelter  structures  are  offshore  structures that are designed to create a sheltered harbor. Various types  of  these  structures  are  discussed  below. A breakwater  is an offshore barrier, erected to break the action of the waves and thereby maintain an area of calm water inside the breakwater. A  jetty is a similar  structure,  except  that  its  main  purpose  is  to  direct the current or tidal flow along the line of a selected channel. The simplest type of breakwater or jetty is the rubble-mound  (also  called  rock-mound)  type  shown  in figure 1-13. The width of its cap may vary from 15 to Figure  1-15.—Caisson  breakwater  or  jetty. 70 feet. The width of its base depends on the width of the cap, height of the structure, and the slopes of the inner and outer faces. For a deepwater site or from with   an   extra-high   tide   range,   a   rubble-mound breakwater may be topped with a concrete cap structure, such as shown in figure 1-14. A structure of this type is called a composite breakwater or jetty. In figure 1-14, the cap structure is made of a series of precast concrete 1-8







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