Chapter 1 Mathematics and Units of Measurement
TYPES OF NUMBERS
Decimal equivalents
POWERS, ROOTS, EXPONENTS, and radicals
Arithmetic Extraction of Square Roots
RECIPROCALS
RATIO AND PROPORTION
GEOMETRY
DETERMINING AREAS
Area of a Triangle
Area of a Rhombus or Rhomboid
Area by Reducing to Triangles
Area of an Ellipse
DETERMINING VOLUMES
Volume of a Prism
TRIGONOMETRY
FUNCTIONS OF ANGLES
FUNCTIONS AND COFUNCTIONS
FUNCTIONS OF ANGLES IN A RIGHT TRIANGLE
METHODS OF SOLVING TRIANGLES
Acute Angle of Right Triangle by Sine or Cosine
Solution by Laws of Cosines
The Ambiguous Case
Determination of Angle from Three Known Sides
SCIENTIFIC POCKET Calculator
HINTS ON COMPUTING
UNITS OF LINEAR MEASUREMENT
UNITS OF AREA MEASUREMENT
UNITS OF WEIGHT
MORE UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
Pressure Measurement
Electrical Measure
Mechanical Power Measure
CONVERSION OF UNITS
CONVERSION OF UNITS - continued
CHAPTER 2 DRAFTING EQUIPMENT
ENGINEERING CHARTS AND GRaphs
DRAFTING EQUIPMENT
DRAFTING MEDIA - continued
DRAFTING PENCILS
DRAFTING TABLES WITH BOARDS
Figure 2-6.-Drafting tables with boards.
T SQUARES
PARALLEL STRAIGHTEDGE
TRIANGLES
ADJUSTABLE TRIANGLES
DRAWING INSTRUMENT SETS
Dividers
Drop Bow Pen
Beam Compass
PROPORTIONAL DIVIDERS
Architects Scale
Figure 2-24.-Architects scale.
Engineers Scale
Engineers Scale - CONTINUED
MAP MEASURES AND SCALE INDICATORS
DRAFTING TEMPLATES
Figure 2-30.Drafting templates.
FREEHAND LETTERING PENS
DRAWING INK
OTHER TOOLS
Figure 2-34.-Drafting machine with enclosed steel bands.
CHAPTER 3 DRAFTING: FUNDAMENTALS AND TECHNIQUES; REPRODUCTION PROCESS
YOUR EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS
BASIC DRAFTING TECHNIQUES
ATTACHMENT OF PAPER TO THE BOARD
VERTICAL LINES
PARALLEL AND PERPENDICULAR LINES
Use of the Compass - CONTINUED
Use of the French Curve
USE OF DRAFTING TEMPLATES
USE OF THE DRAFTING SCALE
DRAWING FORMATS
SHEET LAYOUT
BASIC FORMAT
Figure 3-17.-Example of vertical title block prepared by NAVFACENGCOM.
Figure 3-18.-Use of continuation sheet title block and multiple sheet numbering.
Examples of title blocks used on drawings prepared by Naval Construction Battalion
Satisfactory To Block
Format used in preparing revision blocks
Use of line characteristics and conventions
Use of line characteristics and conventionsContinued
CONSTRUCTION LINES
DIMENSION LINES
BREAK LINES
PHANTOM LINES
VIEWING OR CUTTING PLANE LINES
ORDER OF PENCILING
ORDER OF INKING
FREEHAND LETTERING
Ames Lettering Instrument
Spacing Between Guidelines
Straight-Line Capitals
Curved- and Straight-Line Combinations
Numerals and Fractions
INCLINED LETTERING
COMPOSITION OF LETTERING
LINE SPACING
MECHANICAL LETTERING
TEMPLATES
LINE WEIGHTS
SPACING AND CENTERING
LETTERING SYSTEM
REPRODUCTION ROOM
Exploded view of the Blu-Ray Model 842 Whiteprinter
WARNING
TROUBLESHOOTING
Ozalid
Principles of operation
Ammonia flow system
COOLING AND EXHAUST SYSTEM
REPRODUCTION MATERIALS
Summary - 14069_135
Chapter 4 Drafting: Geometric Construction
BISECTION OF A LINE
TRANSFER OF AN ANGLE
BISECTION OF AN ANGLE
EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE
SQUARE: GIVEN LENGTH OF SIDE
SQUARE CIRCUMSCRIBED ON A GIVEN INSCRIBED CIRCLE
ANY REGULAR POLYGON WITH A GIVEN LENGTH OF SIDE
REGULAR PENTAGON ON A GIVEN INSCRIBED CIRCLE
CIRCLE THROUGH THREE POINTS
Line tangent to a given point on a circle
Circular arc tangent to two other circular area
COMPOUND CURVES
REVERSE, OR OGEE, CURVE
Ellipse by pin-and-string method
ELLIPSE BY FOUR-CENTER METHOD
Chapter 5 Drafting: Projections and Sketching
Basic orthographic projection
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
THIRD-ANGLE PROJECTION
A third-angle projection brought into a single plane
Use of a miter line
American standard arrangement of views in a six-view third-angle multi-view projection
Proper spacing of views
Improved spacing for three-view projection of object shown in figure 5-18
Multi-view analysis of a third-angle orthographic projection
Two-view multi-view projections
NORMAL AND NON-NORMAL LINES
AUXILIARY VIEWS - 14069_165
Projection of left side auxiliary view
AUXILIARY VIEWS - 14069_167
AUXILIARY SECTION
USE OF REVOLUTIONS
SECTIONING TECHNIQUES
Use of partial or broken section
Axonometric Projection
Isometric projection of a cube
Drawing an angle in isometric
Noncircular Curves in Isometric
Diagonal Hatching in Isometric
Cavalier Projection
Oblique Drawing Techniques
ANGLES IN OBLIQUE
CIRCLES IN OBLIQUE
SKETCHING
Sketching Straight Lines
Sketching angles by visual comparison
Steps in sketching a circle
Construction Lines
Pictorial Sketches
Sketching a rectangular block
Overlay Sketches
Summary - 14069_189
Chapter 6 Wood and Light Frame Structures
Common Woods
Common WoodsContinued
Common WoodsContinued - 14069_194
Common WoodsContinued - 14069_195
Common WoodsContinued - 14069_196
Nominal and Dressed Sizes of Lumber
LAMINATED LUMBER
Grain direction in a sheet of plywood
Identification Stamps
SPECIAL-PURPOSE PLYWOOD
COMMON WOOD SUBSTITUTE
Wall framing used in platform construction
SILL FRAMING AND LAYOUT
Eastern sill assembly
FLOOR FRAMING
Framing around floor openings
Typical floor framing with subflooring
Parts of a wall frame, showing headers
ROOF FRAMING
Rafter Layout
Rafter terms
Layout of a collar tie
Flat and shed roof framings
Framing of gable dormer without sidewalls
Types of jack rafters
BUILDING FINISH
Application of plywood roof sheathing
Exterior Trim
Open cornice without a fascia board
Wall Sheathing
Vertical board siding
Use of flashing at building line on built-up roof
Gutters and Downspouts
Formed metal gutters
Application of vertical paneling
Insulation and Vapor Barriers
Stairs
Kickplate for anchoring stairs to concrete
Toenailing wood finish flooring
Principal parts of a finish doorframe
Windows
Figure 6-76.-Outswinging casement sash.
Figure 6-77.-Double-hung windows.
Figure 6-78.-Sill detail for a double-hung window.
HARDWARE
Figure 6-81.-Base moldings
Figure 6-83.-Types and sizes of common wire nails and other nails.
Nails
Screws
Glue
CHAPTER 7 CONCRETE AND MASONRY
Strength
Figure 7-1.-The principal properties of good concrete.
Figure 7-3.-Reinforced concrete columns.
SLAB AND SLAB REINFORCEMENT
Reinforcing Steel
BENDS
Figure 7-11.-Typical reinforcement bar bends.
Figure 7-12.-Standard hook details.
PRECAST CONCRETE
Precast Concrete Floors, Roof Slabs, Walls and Partitions
Precast Concrete Joists, Beams, Girders and Columns
Advantages of Precast Concrete
SPECIAL TYPES OF CONCRETE
TILT-UP CONSTRUCTION
Finishes
CONCRETE FORMS
Figure 7-26. Typical large footing form.
Form Materials
Figure 7-31.-Snap tie.
Column Forms
Figure 7-35.-Typical beam and girder forms.
CONCRETE MASONRY
Figure 7-37.Typical sizes and shapes of concrete masonry units.
Wall Patterns
Modular Planning
Table 7-2.-Nominal Length of Concrete Masonry Walls
Physical Characteristics
STONE MASONRY
BRICK MASONRY
Brick Classification
Figure 7-52.Types of brick masonry bond.
Types of Bonds
Figure 7-53.-Various positions of wall masonry units and mortar joints.
CHAPTER 8 MECHANICAL SYSTEMS and Plan
Figure 8-2.-Typical copper fittings.
Fittings - 14069_279
Figure 8-4.-Comparison of pressure and recessed (Durham) types of fittings
Figure 8-5.-Types of pipe fittings.
Joints and Connections - 14069_282
Figure 8-6.-Crow section of a gate valve.
Pipe Supports
Figure 8-11.-Uses of thrust blocks.
Pipe Insulation
Fittings - 14069_287
Figure 8-14.-Common cast-iron soil pipe fittings.
Figure 8-16.-Typical plastic pipe fittings.
Joints and Connections - 14069_290
Vents
Figure 8-20.-Two fixture units sharing a common vent.
MECHANICAL PLAN
Figure 8-24.-Typical hot and cold water risers diagram.
WASTE AND SOIL drainage Diagram
PLUMBING LAYOUT
MECHANICAL SYMBOLS
Fitting Symbols
Valve Symbols
Fixture Symbols
CHAPTER 9 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS AND PLAN
Overhead Power Distribution
Figure 9-4.-Schematic diagram of a delta-connected alternator.
Figure 9-5.-Y-connected alternator (three-phase, four-wire).
Figure 9-7.-Wiring diagram of the four-wire system in figure 9-6.
INTERIOR ELECTRICAL WIRING SYSTEM
Service Entrance
Panelboard
SINGLE CONDUCTORS
Insulation
RIGID CONDUIT
Wire Connectors
Figure 9-17.-Types of outlet boxes.
Receptacles
STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS Requirements
Figure 9-23.-Common types of electrical symbols.
INTERIOR ELECTRICAL Layout (plan)
Figure 9-24.--Example of an exterior electrical plan
Figure 9-25.--Example of an interior electrical plan
Chapter 10 Construction Drawings
Preliminary Drawings
CONCEPTUAL DEFINITIVE DESIGNS
Figure 10-1.--Examaple of a facility plate (based on Definitive Design 1404366).
ORDER OF DRAWINGS
DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING
Units of Measure
Figure 10-5.-Applications of extension lines
DRAWING SYMBOLS
Figure 10-7.Common architectural symbols
Figure 10-8.-Architectural symbols
MAIN DIVISIONS OF Project Drawing
Figure 10-11.-Example of a site plan with existing utilities.
Floor Plan
Figure 10-12.-Development of a floor plan.
Figure 10-13.--Example of an floor plan for a concrete-masonry construction
DIMENSIONING A FLOOR PLAN
Elevations
Figure 10-16. Labeling elevations for the plan shown in figure 10-14
STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS
Foundation Plan
Framing Plan
Figure 10-19.-Example of a structural floor framing plan for a wood-frame construction.
Figure 10-20. Typical structural roof framing plan for a wood-frame construction
Figure 10-21.-Example of a structural roof framing plan for a precast or a cast-in-place concrete construction.
MECHANICAL DRAWINGS
SECTIONS
Figure 10-23.Development of a sectional view.
DETAILS
Figure 10-25. Examples of detail groupings
SCHEDULES
BILL OF MATERIALS
Figure 10-29.-Example of a bill of materials prepared locally.
CHAPTER 11 ELEMENTS OF SURVEYING AND SURVEYING EQUIPMENT
GEODETIC SURVEYING
TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEYS
TYPES OF SURVEYING operations
Factors Affecting Fieldwork
Field Notes - 14069_360
OFFICE WORK
Adjustment
Drafting Used In Surveying
Orientation Symbol
Figure 11-2.-Example of an aerial photograph.
BASIC SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS
ENGINEERS TRANSIT
Leveling Head Assembly
Upper Plate or Alidade Assembly
Figure 11-8.-Horizontal scales, 20 second transit.
CIRCLES AND VERNIERS
Direct Vernier
Figure 11-11.-Types of verniers.
THEODOLITE
Figure 11-12.One-minute theodolite.
Figure 11-14.-Theodolite reticle.
Figure 11-16.-Degree-graduated scales.
One-Second Theodolite
Figure 11-21.-Circle-reading optical system.
HORIZONTAL CIRCLE
ENGINEERS LEVEL
PRECISION LEVEL
Figure 11-25. A dumpy level
Military Level
Self-Leveling Level
HAND LEVEL
PLANE TABLE
Figure 11-31.-Types of alidades.
FIELD EQUIPMENT
SURVEYING TAPES
SURVEYING ACCESSORIES
Tripod
Range Pole
Optical Plumbing Assembly
Tape Accessories
Chaining Pin
Figure 11-48.-Philadelphia rod.
Stadia Boards
Turning-Point Pins and Plates
FIELD SUPPLIES
SURVEY POINT MARKERS
MARKING MATERIALS
FLAGGING
CHAPTER 12 DIRECT LINEAR MEASUREMENTS AND FIELD SURVEY SAFETY
Figure 12-1.-Surveyors hand signals.
Figure 12-2.-Additional hand signals.
Figure 12-3.-Hand signals for numerals.
Clearing the Line
Holding on a Point
MARKING CONTROL POINTS, reference points, and monuments
Identifying Points
Protecting Markers
METHODS OF DIRECT LINEAR measurements
Chaining on Level Ground
SUPPORTING THE TAPE
Slope Chaining
Horizontal Chaining
BREAKING TAPE
Making Tape Corrections
CORRECTING FOR TEMPERATURE Variation
CORRECTING FOR SLOPE
Preparing Chaining Notes
RECORDING NOTES FOR SLOPE Chaining
Solving Surveying Problems by Tape
Identifying Chaining Mistakes and Errors
Caring for and Maintaining a Survey Tape
Figure 12-23.A microwave distance-measuring device (Model 99).
MEASURING BY THE ELECTRONIC DISTANCE-MEASURING SYSTEM
FIELD PARTY SAFETY
ADMINISTERING FIRST AID
PROTECTING AGAINST Weather Hazards
Figure 12-28.-Different varieties of poison ivy leaves
USING FIELD EQUIPMENT SAFELY
ADDITIONAL DUTIES OF A SURVEY CREW
PREPARING FOR FIELD PARTYS ESSENTIAL NEEDS
CHAPTER 13 HORIZONTAL CONTROL
Converting Deflection Angles to Bearings
Converting Azimuths to Bearings or Vice Versa
Correcting for Local Magnetic Attraction
Determining Magnetic Declination and Dip
Orienting a Compass
Checking Accuracy of Observed Bearings
ESTABLISHING DIRECTIONS by Transit
Figure 13-9.-Three types of horizontal limb graduations.
Figure 13-10.-Setting the vernier at zero-zero.
Figure 13-12.-Sample field notes from a deflection angle transit-tape survey.
Measuring Vertical Angles
Measuring Angles by Repetition
Figure 13-15.-Notes for the angle around a station, repeated six times.
RUNNING A DISTANCE (LINE)
Line Between Nonintervisible Points
RANDOM LINE
TYING IN A POINT
SETTING ADJACENT POINTS
TRANSIT-TAPE SURVEY
IDENTIFYING PARTY PERSONNEL
Attaining Precision with a Linear Error of Closure
Attaining Precision with a Maximum Angular Error of Closure
IDENTIFYING ERRORS AND MISTAKES IN TRANSIT WORK
Identifying Natural Errors
CARING FOR AND MAINTAINING Surveying Instruments
TRAVERSE OPERATIONS
CONDUCTING A RECONNAISSANCE
PERFORMING LINEAR Measurements
Figure 13-31.-Kinds of angles measured at the occupied station.
CHAPTER 14 DIRECT LEVELING AND BASIC ENGINEERING SURVEYS
Figure 14-1.-Common types of bench mark construction and application.
DATUM
Other Datums
LEVEL PARTY ORGANIZATION, EQUIPMENT, AND FIELD Procedures
Duties of the Rodman
FIELD PROCEDURES FOR Differential Leveling
Leveling the Engineers Level
Making Target Readings
FUNDAMENTAL LEVELING Procedure
Establishing Turning Points
METHODS OF LEVELING
Figure 14-13.-Differersthd leveling.
LEVEL COMPUTATIONS
Reciprocal Leveling
Figure 14-17.-Field notes for profile levels shown in figure 14-7.
Profile Leveling - Continued
Cross-Section Leveling
Figure 14-20.-Sample field notes from cross-section leveling at first three stations shown in figure 14-7.
Double Rodding
PRECISION IN LEVELING; MISTAKES AND ERRORS IN LEVELING
Order of Precision
Table 14-1. Leveling Order of Precision
Identifying Leveling Mistakes
HIGHWAY SURVEYS
RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY
FINAL-LOCATION SURVEY
PROFILE PLOTTING
TYPES OF CROSS SECTIONS
PLOTTING CROSS SECTIONS
Figure 14-28.-Sidehlll section.
Figure 14-29.-A. Cross section notes. B. Cross sections plotted.
Figure 14-30.-Field notes for three-level cross sections.
Layout/Stakeout Procedures
CENTER-LINE LAYOUT
SETTING GRADE STAKES
SETTING SLOPE STAKES.
SLOPE-STAKE PARTY PROCEDURE
Figure 14-38.-Setting slope stakes
Curb and Gutter Stakeout
STRUCTURAL SURVEYS
Figure 14-40.-Batter boards.
UTILITIES STAKEOUT
Figure 14-41.-Use of batter boards
AS-BUILT SURVEY
EXCAVATIONS
CROSSING ICE - Continued
CHAPTER 15 MATERIALS TESTING: SOIL AND CONCRETE
Alluvial Soil
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS of Soils
GRADATION
Sources of Water in Soils
SOIL CLASSIFICATION - 14069_520
SOIL SAMPLING
Table 15-2.-Methods of Underground Exploration and Sampling
TAGGING SAMPLES
Composite Samples
UNDISTURBED SAMPLES
Figure 15-9.-Taking a chunk sample from a level surface.
Figure 15-10.-Taking a chunk sample from a vertical face.
Cylinder Samples by CBR Mold
Figure 15-19.-Cutting off a cylindrical sample
QUARTERING SAMPLES
SOIL TESTING
DETERMINING MOISTURE CONTENT
PROCEDURE
Calcium Carbide Gas Pressure Method
MECHANICAL ANALYSIS
SIEVE ANALYSIS, DRY
Figure 15-31.-Data sheet for dry sieve analysis.
Hydrometer Analysis
SPECIFIC GRAVITY TESTING
Sample Selection
Figure 15-33.-Data sheet for specific gravity test.
Bulk and Apparent Specific Gravity
ATTERBERG LIMITS
Test Equipment
Figure 15-35.-Liquid limit test.
Figure 15-36.-Removing sample portion for moisture content.
Figure 15-37.-Data sheet, Atterberg limits determination.
CONCRETE TESTING - 14069_548
Slump Tests
SLUMP TESTS
PREPARATION OF CONCRETE Specimens
CURING AND STORING CYLINDERS
Beam Specimens
CHAPTER 16 ADMINISTRATION
Assignment to an NMCB Operations Department
Monitoring/Reporting Division
Assignment to a Typical Public Works Department
ADMINISTRATIVE DUTIES
ASSIGNMENT AS TEAM LEADER
Supervision
MAINTAINING FILES
Figure 16-5.Making first lengthwise fold in a large print.
Recording Files
PROFESSIONAL DUTIES
CAREER DEVELOPMENT
PERSONNEL READINESS Capability Program
SOURCES OF INFORMATION
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_570
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_571
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_572
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_573
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_574
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_575
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_576
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_577
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_578
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_579
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_580
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_581
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_582
APPENDIX II ENGINEERING TECHNICAL LIBRARY
APPENDIX III USEFUL MATHEMATICAL SYMBOLS, FORMULAS, AND CONSTANTS
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_586
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_587
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_588
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_589
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_590
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_591
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_592
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_593
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_594
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_595
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_596
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_597
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_598
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_599
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_600
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_601
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_602
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_603
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_604
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_605
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_606
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_607
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_608
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_609
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_610
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_611
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_612
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_613
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_614
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_615
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_616
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_617
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_618
APPENDIX IV USEFUL DRAFTING SYMBOLS
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_620
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_621
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_622
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_623
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_624
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_625
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_626
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_627
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_628
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_629
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_630
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_631
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_632
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_633
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_634
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_635
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_636
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_637
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_638
APPENDIX V SAMPLE SURVEY FIELD NOTES
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_640
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_641
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_642
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_643
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_644
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_645
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_646
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_647
APPENDIX VI REFERENCES
APPENDIX VI - CONTINUED - 14069_650
APPENDIX VI - CONTINUED - 14069_651
APPENDIX VI - CONTINUED - 14069_652
APPENDIX VI - CONTINUED - 14069_653
INDEX - 14069_655
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_656
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_657
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_658
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_659
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_660
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_661
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_662
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_663
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_664
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_665
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_666
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_667
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_668
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_669
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_671
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_673
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_674
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_675
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_676
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_677
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_678
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_679
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_680
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_681
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_682
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_683
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_684
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_685
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_686
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_687
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_688
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_689
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_690
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_691
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_692
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_693
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_694
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_695
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_696
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_697
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_698
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_699
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_700
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_701
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_702
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_703
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_704
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_705
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_706
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_707
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_708
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_709
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_710
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_711
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_712
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_713
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_714
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_715
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_716
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_717
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_718
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_719
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_720
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_721
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_722
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_723
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_724
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_725
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_726
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_727
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_728
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_729
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_730
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_731
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_732
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_733
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_734
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_735
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_736
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_737
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_738
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_739
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_740
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_741
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_742
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_743
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_744
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_745
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_746
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_747
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_748
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_749
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_750
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_751
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_752
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_753
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_754
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_755
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_756
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_757
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_758
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_759
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_760
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_761
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_762
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_763
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_764
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_765
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_766
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_767
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_768
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_769
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_770
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_771
TYPES OF NUMBERS
Decimal equivalents
POWERS, ROOTS, EXPONENTS, and radicals
Arithmetic Extraction of Square Roots
RECIPROCALS
RATIO AND PROPORTION
GEOMETRY
DETERMINING AREAS
Area of a Triangle
Area of a Rhombus or Rhomboid
Area by Reducing to Triangles
Area of an Ellipse
DETERMINING VOLUMES
Volume of a Prism
TRIGONOMETRY
FUNCTIONS OF ANGLES
FUNCTIONS AND COFUNCTIONS
FUNCTIONS OF ANGLES IN A RIGHT TRIANGLE
METHODS OF SOLVING TRIANGLES
Acute Angle of Right Triangle by Sine or Cosine
Solution by Laws of Cosines
The Ambiguous Case
Determination of Angle from Three Known Sides
SCIENTIFIC POCKET Calculator
HINTS ON COMPUTING
UNITS OF LINEAR MEASUREMENT
UNITS OF AREA MEASUREMENT
UNITS OF WEIGHT
MORE UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
Pressure Measurement
Electrical Measure
Mechanical Power Measure
CONVERSION OF UNITS
CONVERSION OF UNITS - continued
CHAPTER 2 DRAFTING EQUIPMENT
ENGINEERING CHARTS AND GRaphs
DRAFTING EQUIPMENT
DRAFTING MEDIA - continued
DRAFTING PENCILS
DRAFTING TABLES WITH BOARDS
Figure 2-6.-Drafting tables with boards.
T SQUARES
PARALLEL STRAIGHTEDGE
TRIANGLES
ADJUSTABLE TRIANGLES
DRAWING INSTRUMENT SETS
Dividers
Drop Bow Pen
Beam Compass
PROPORTIONAL DIVIDERS
Architects Scale
Figure 2-24.-Architects scale.
Engineers Scale
Engineers Scale - CONTINUED
MAP MEASURES AND SCALE INDICATORS
DRAFTING TEMPLATES
Figure 2-30.Drafting templates.
FREEHAND LETTERING PENS
DRAWING INK
OTHER TOOLS
Figure 2-34.-Drafting machine with enclosed steel bands.
CHAPTER 3 DRAFTING: FUNDAMENTALS AND TECHNIQUES; REPRODUCTION PROCESS
YOUR EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS
BASIC DRAFTING TECHNIQUES
ATTACHMENT OF PAPER TO THE BOARD
VERTICAL LINES
PARALLEL AND PERPENDICULAR LINES
Use of the Compass - CONTINUED
Use of the French Curve
USE OF DRAFTING TEMPLATES
USE OF THE DRAFTING SCALE
DRAWING FORMATS
SHEET LAYOUT
BASIC FORMAT
Figure 3-17.-Example of vertical title block prepared by NAVFACENGCOM.
Figure 3-18.-Use of continuation sheet title block and multiple sheet numbering.
Examples of title blocks used on drawings prepared by Naval Construction Battalion
Satisfactory To Block
Format used in preparing revision blocks
Use of line characteristics and conventions
Use of line characteristics and conventionsContinued
CONSTRUCTION LINES
DIMENSION LINES
BREAK LINES
PHANTOM LINES
VIEWING OR CUTTING PLANE LINES
ORDER OF PENCILING
ORDER OF INKING
FREEHAND LETTERING
Ames Lettering Instrument
Spacing Between Guidelines
Straight-Line Capitals
Curved- and Straight-Line Combinations
Numerals and Fractions
INCLINED LETTERING
COMPOSITION OF LETTERING
LINE SPACING
MECHANICAL LETTERING
TEMPLATES
LINE WEIGHTS
SPACING AND CENTERING
LETTERING SYSTEM
REPRODUCTION ROOM
Exploded view of the Blu-Ray Model 842 Whiteprinter
WARNING
TROUBLESHOOTING
Ozalid
Principles of operation
Ammonia flow system
COOLING AND EXHAUST SYSTEM
REPRODUCTION MATERIALS
Summary - 14069_135
Chapter 4 Drafting: Geometric Construction
BISECTION OF A LINE
TRANSFER OF AN ANGLE
BISECTION OF AN ANGLE
EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE
SQUARE: GIVEN LENGTH OF SIDE
SQUARE CIRCUMSCRIBED ON A GIVEN INSCRIBED CIRCLE
ANY REGULAR POLYGON WITH A GIVEN LENGTH OF SIDE
REGULAR PENTAGON ON A GIVEN INSCRIBED CIRCLE
CIRCLE THROUGH THREE POINTS
Line tangent to a given point on a circle
Circular arc tangent to two other circular area
COMPOUND CURVES
REVERSE, OR OGEE, CURVE
Ellipse by pin-and-string method
ELLIPSE BY FOUR-CENTER METHOD
Chapter 5 Drafting: Projections and Sketching
Basic orthographic projection
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
THIRD-ANGLE PROJECTION
A third-angle projection brought into a single plane
Use of a miter line
American standard arrangement of views in a six-view third-angle multi-view projection
Proper spacing of views
Improved spacing for three-view projection of object shown in figure 5-18
Multi-view analysis of a third-angle orthographic projection
Two-view multi-view projections
NORMAL AND NON-NORMAL LINES
AUXILIARY VIEWS - 14069_165
Projection of left side auxiliary view
AUXILIARY VIEWS - 14069_167
AUXILIARY SECTION
USE OF REVOLUTIONS
SECTIONING TECHNIQUES
Use of partial or broken section
Axonometric Projection
Isometric projection of a cube
Drawing an angle in isometric
Noncircular Curves in Isometric
Diagonal Hatching in Isometric
Cavalier Projection
Oblique Drawing Techniques
ANGLES IN OBLIQUE
CIRCLES IN OBLIQUE
SKETCHING
Sketching Straight Lines
Sketching angles by visual comparison
Steps in sketching a circle
Construction Lines
Pictorial Sketches
Sketching a rectangular block
Overlay Sketches
Summary - 14069_189
Chapter 6 Wood and Light Frame Structures
Common Woods
Common WoodsContinued
Common WoodsContinued - 14069_194
Common WoodsContinued - 14069_195
Common WoodsContinued - 14069_196
Nominal and Dressed Sizes of Lumber
LAMINATED LUMBER
Grain direction in a sheet of plywood
Identification Stamps
SPECIAL-PURPOSE PLYWOOD
COMMON WOOD SUBSTITUTE
Wall framing used in platform construction
SILL FRAMING AND LAYOUT
Eastern sill assembly
FLOOR FRAMING
Framing around floor openings
Typical floor framing with subflooring
Parts of a wall frame, showing headers
ROOF FRAMING
Rafter Layout
Rafter terms
Layout of a collar tie
Flat and shed roof framings
Framing of gable dormer without sidewalls
Types of jack rafters
BUILDING FINISH
Application of plywood roof sheathing
Exterior Trim
Open cornice without a fascia board
Wall Sheathing
Vertical board siding
Use of flashing at building line on built-up roof
Gutters and Downspouts
Formed metal gutters
Application of vertical paneling
Insulation and Vapor Barriers
Stairs
Kickplate for anchoring stairs to concrete
Toenailing wood finish flooring
Principal parts of a finish doorframe
Windows
Figure 6-76.-Outswinging casement sash.
Figure 6-77.-Double-hung windows.
Figure 6-78.-Sill detail for a double-hung window.
HARDWARE
Figure 6-81.-Base moldings
Figure 6-83.-Types and sizes of common wire nails and other nails.
Nails
Screws
Glue
CHAPTER 7 CONCRETE AND MASONRY
Strength
Figure 7-1.-The principal properties of good concrete.
Figure 7-3.-Reinforced concrete columns.
SLAB AND SLAB REINFORCEMENT
Reinforcing Steel
BENDS
Figure 7-11.-Typical reinforcement bar bends.
Figure 7-12.-Standard hook details.
PRECAST CONCRETE
Precast Concrete Floors, Roof Slabs, Walls and Partitions
Precast Concrete Joists, Beams, Girders and Columns
Advantages of Precast Concrete
SPECIAL TYPES OF CONCRETE
TILT-UP CONSTRUCTION
Finishes
CONCRETE FORMS
Figure 7-26. Typical large footing form.
Form Materials
Figure 7-31.-Snap tie.
Column Forms
Figure 7-35.-Typical beam and girder forms.
CONCRETE MASONRY
Figure 7-37.Typical sizes and shapes of concrete masonry units.
Wall Patterns
Modular Planning
Table 7-2.-Nominal Length of Concrete Masonry Walls
Physical Characteristics
STONE MASONRY
BRICK MASONRY
Brick Classification
Figure 7-52.Types of brick masonry bond.
Types of Bonds
Figure 7-53.-Various positions of wall masonry units and mortar joints.
CHAPTER 8 MECHANICAL SYSTEMS and Plan
Figure 8-2.-Typical copper fittings.
Fittings - 14069_279
Figure 8-4.-Comparison of pressure and recessed (Durham) types of fittings
Figure 8-5.-Types of pipe fittings.
Joints and Connections - 14069_282
Figure 8-6.-Crow section of a gate valve.
Pipe Supports
Figure 8-11.-Uses of thrust blocks.
Pipe Insulation
Fittings - 14069_287
Figure 8-14.-Common cast-iron soil pipe fittings.
Figure 8-16.-Typical plastic pipe fittings.
Joints and Connections - 14069_290
Vents
Figure 8-20.-Two fixture units sharing a common vent.
MECHANICAL PLAN
Figure 8-24.-Typical hot and cold water risers diagram.
WASTE AND SOIL drainage Diagram
PLUMBING LAYOUT
MECHANICAL SYMBOLS
Fitting Symbols
Valve Symbols
Fixture Symbols
CHAPTER 9 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS AND PLAN
Overhead Power Distribution
Figure 9-4.-Schematic diagram of a delta-connected alternator.
Figure 9-5.-Y-connected alternator (three-phase, four-wire).
Figure 9-7.-Wiring diagram of the four-wire system in figure 9-6.
INTERIOR ELECTRICAL WIRING SYSTEM
Service Entrance
Panelboard
SINGLE CONDUCTORS
Insulation
RIGID CONDUIT
Wire Connectors
Figure 9-17.-Types of outlet boxes.
Receptacles
STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS Requirements
Figure 9-23.-Common types of electrical symbols.
INTERIOR ELECTRICAL Layout (plan)
Figure 9-24.--Example of an exterior electrical plan
Figure 9-25.--Example of an interior electrical plan
Chapter 10 Construction Drawings
Preliminary Drawings
CONCEPTUAL DEFINITIVE DESIGNS
Figure 10-1.--Examaple of a facility plate (based on Definitive Design 1404366).
ORDER OF DRAWINGS
DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING
Units of Measure
Figure 10-5.-Applications of extension lines
DRAWING SYMBOLS
Figure 10-7.Common architectural symbols
Figure 10-8.-Architectural symbols
MAIN DIVISIONS OF Project Drawing
Figure 10-11.-Example of a site plan with existing utilities.
Floor Plan
Figure 10-12.-Development of a floor plan.
Figure 10-13.--Example of an floor plan for a concrete-masonry construction
DIMENSIONING A FLOOR PLAN
Elevations
Figure 10-16. Labeling elevations for the plan shown in figure 10-14
STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS
Foundation Plan
Framing Plan
Figure 10-19.-Example of a structural floor framing plan for a wood-frame construction.
Figure 10-20. Typical structural roof framing plan for a wood-frame construction
Figure 10-21.-Example of a structural roof framing plan for a precast or a cast-in-place concrete construction.
MECHANICAL DRAWINGS
SECTIONS
Figure 10-23.Development of a sectional view.
DETAILS
Figure 10-25. Examples of detail groupings
SCHEDULES
BILL OF MATERIALS
Figure 10-29.-Example of a bill of materials prepared locally.
CHAPTER 11 ELEMENTS OF SURVEYING AND SURVEYING EQUIPMENT
GEODETIC SURVEYING
TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEYS
TYPES OF SURVEYING operations
Factors Affecting Fieldwork
Field Notes - 14069_360
OFFICE WORK
Adjustment
Drafting Used In Surveying
Orientation Symbol
Figure 11-2.-Example of an aerial photograph.
BASIC SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS
ENGINEERS TRANSIT
Leveling Head Assembly
Upper Plate or Alidade Assembly
Figure 11-8.-Horizontal scales, 20 second transit.
CIRCLES AND VERNIERS
Direct Vernier
Figure 11-11.-Types of verniers.
THEODOLITE
Figure 11-12.One-minute theodolite.
Figure 11-14.-Theodolite reticle.
Figure 11-16.-Degree-graduated scales.
One-Second Theodolite
Figure 11-21.-Circle-reading optical system.
HORIZONTAL CIRCLE
ENGINEERS LEVEL
PRECISION LEVEL
Figure 11-25. A dumpy level
Military Level
Self-Leveling Level
HAND LEVEL
PLANE TABLE
Figure 11-31.-Types of alidades.
FIELD EQUIPMENT
SURVEYING TAPES
SURVEYING ACCESSORIES
Tripod
Range Pole
Optical Plumbing Assembly
Tape Accessories
Chaining Pin
Figure 11-48.-Philadelphia rod.
Stadia Boards
Turning-Point Pins and Plates
FIELD SUPPLIES
SURVEY POINT MARKERS
MARKING MATERIALS
FLAGGING
CHAPTER 12 DIRECT LINEAR MEASUREMENTS AND FIELD SURVEY SAFETY
Figure 12-1.-Surveyors hand signals.
Figure 12-2.-Additional hand signals.
Figure 12-3.-Hand signals for numerals.
Clearing the Line
Holding on a Point
MARKING CONTROL POINTS, reference points, and monuments
Identifying Points
Protecting Markers
METHODS OF DIRECT LINEAR measurements
Chaining on Level Ground
SUPPORTING THE TAPE
Slope Chaining
Horizontal Chaining
BREAKING TAPE
Making Tape Corrections
CORRECTING FOR TEMPERATURE Variation
CORRECTING FOR SLOPE
Preparing Chaining Notes
RECORDING NOTES FOR SLOPE Chaining
Solving Surveying Problems by Tape
Identifying Chaining Mistakes and Errors
Caring for and Maintaining a Survey Tape
Figure 12-23.A microwave distance-measuring device (Model 99).
MEASURING BY THE ELECTRONIC DISTANCE-MEASURING SYSTEM
FIELD PARTY SAFETY
ADMINISTERING FIRST AID
PROTECTING AGAINST Weather Hazards
Figure 12-28.-Different varieties of poison ivy leaves
USING FIELD EQUIPMENT SAFELY
ADDITIONAL DUTIES OF A SURVEY CREW
PREPARING FOR FIELD PARTYS ESSENTIAL NEEDS
CHAPTER 13 HORIZONTAL CONTROL
Converting Deflection Angles to Bearings
Converting Azimuths to Bearings or Vice Versa
Correcting for Local Magnetic Attraction
Determining Magnetic Declination and Dip
Orienting a Compass
Checking Accuracy of Observed Bearings
ESTABLISHING DIRECTIONS by Transit
Figure 13-9.-Three types of horizontal limb graduations.
Figure 13-10.-Setting the vernier at zero-zero.
Figure 13-12.-Sample field notes from a deflection angle transit-tape survey.
Measuring Vertical Angles
Measuring Angles by Repetition
Figure 13-15.-Notes for the angle around a station, repeated six times.
RUNNING A DISTANCE (LINE)
Line Between Nonintervisible Points
RANDOM LINE
TYING IN A POINT
SETTING ADJACENT POINTS
TRANSIT-TAPE SURVEY
IDENTIFYING PARTY PERSONNEL
Attaining Precision with a Linear Error of Closure
Attaining Precision with a Maximum Angular Error of Closure
IDENTIFYING ERRORS AND MISTAKES IN TRANSIT WORK
Identifying Natural Errors
CARING FOR AND MAINTAINING Surveying Instruments
TRAVERSE OPERATIONS
CONDUCTING A RECONNAISSANCE
PERFORMING LINEAR Measurements
Figure 13-31.-Kinds of angles measured at the occupied station.
CHAPTER 14 DIRECT LEVELING AND BASIC ENGINEERING SURVEYS
Figure 14-1.-Common types of bench mark construction and application.
DATUM
Other Datums
LEVEL PARTY ORGANIZATION, EQUIPMENT, AND FIELD Procedures
Duties of the Rodman
FIELD PROCEDURES FOR Differential Leveling
Leveling the Engineers Level
Making Target Readings
FUNDAMENTAL LEVELING Procedure
Establishing Turning Points
METHODS OF LEVELING
Figure 14-13.-Differersthd leveling.
LEVEL COMPUTATIONS
Reciprocal Leveling
Figure 14-17.-Field notes for profile levels shown in figure 14-7.
Profile Leveling - Continued
Cross-Section Leveling
Figure 14-20.-Sample field notes from cross-section leveling at first three stations shown in figure 14-7.
Double Rodding
PRECISION IN LEVELING; MISTAKES AND ERRORS IN LEVELING
Order of Precision
Table 14-1. Leveling Order of Precision
Identifying Leveling Mistakes
HIGHWAY SURVEYS
RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY
FINAL-LOCATION SURVEY
PROFILE PLOTTING
TYPES OF CROSS SECTIONS
PLOTTING CROSS SECTIONS
Figure 14-28.-Sidehlll section.
Figure 14-29.-A. Cross section notes. B. Cross sections plotted.
Figure 14-30.-Field notes for three-level cross sections.
Layout/Stakeout Procedures
CENTER-LINE LAYOUT
SETTING GRADE STAKES
SETTING SLOPE STAKES.
SLOPE-STAKE PARTY PROCEDURE
Figure 14-38.-Setting slope stakes
Curb and Gutter Stakeout
STRUCTURAL SURVEYS
Figure 14-40.-Batter boards.
UTILITIES STAKEOUT
Figure 14-41.-Use of batter boards
AS-BUILT SURVEY
EXCAVATIONS
CROSSING ICE - Continued
CHAPTER 15 MATERIALS TESTING: SOIL AND CONCRETE
Alluvial Soil
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS of Soils
GRADATION
Sources of Water in Soils
SOIL CLASSIFICATION - 14069_520
SOIL SAMPLING
Table 15-2.-Methods of Underground Exploration and Sampling
TAGGING SAMPLES
Composite Samples
UNDISTURBED SAMPLES
Figure 15-9.-Taking a chunk sample from a level surface.
Figure 15-10.-Taking a chunk sample from a vertical face.
Cylinder Samples by CBR Mold
Figure 15-19.-Cutting off a cylindrical sample
QUARTERING SAMPLES
SOIL TESTING
DETERMINING MOISTURE CONTENT
PROCEDURE
Calcium Carbide Gas Pressure Method
MECHANICAL ANALYSIS
SIEVE ANALYSIS, DRY
Figure 15-31.-Data sheet for dry sieve analysis.
Hydrometer Analysis
SPECIFIC GRAVITY TESTING
Sample Selection
Figure 15-33.-Data sheet for specific gravity test.
Bulk and Apparent Specific Gravity
ATTERBERG LIMITS
Test Equipment
Figure 15-35.-Liquid limit test.
Figure 15-36.-Removing sample portion for moisture content.
Figure 15-37.-Data sheet, Atterberg limits determination.
CONCRETE TESTING - 14069_548
Slump Tests
SLUMP TESTS
PREPARATION OF CONCRETE Specimens
CURING AND STORING CYLINDERS
Beam Specimens
CHAPTER 16 ADMINISTRATION
Assignment to an NMCB Operations Department
Monitoring/Reporting Division
Assignment to a Typical Public Works Department
ADMINISTRATIVE DUTIES
ASSIGNMENT AS TEAM LEADER
Supervision
MAINTAINING FILES
Figure 16-5.Making first lengthwise fold in a large print.
Recording Files
PROFESSIONAL DUTIES
CAREER DEVELOPMENT
PERSONNEL READINESS Capability Program
SOURCES OF INFORMATION
APPENDIX I GLOSSARY
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_570
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_571
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_572
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_573
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_574
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_575
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_576
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_577
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_578
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_579
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_580
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_581
APPENDIX I - CONTINUED - 14069_582
APPENDIX II ENGINEERING TECHNICAL LIBRARY
APPENDIX III USEFUL MATHEMATICAL SYMBOLS, FORMULAS, AND CONSTANTS
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_586
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_587
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_588
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_589
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_590
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_591
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_592
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_593
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_594
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_595
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_596
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_597
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_598
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_599
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_600
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_601
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_602
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_603
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_604
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_605
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_606
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_607
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_608
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_609
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_610
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_611
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_612
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_613
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_614
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_615
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_616
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_617
APPENDIX III - CONTINUED - 14069_618
APPENDIX IV USEFUL DRAFTING SYMBOLS
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_620
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_621
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_622
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_623
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_624
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_625
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_626
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_627
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_628
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_629
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_630
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_631
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_632
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_633
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_634
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_635
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_636
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_637
APPENDIX IV - CONTINUED - 14069_638
APPENDIX V SAMPLE SURVEY FIELD NOTES
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_640
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_641
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_642
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_643
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_644
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_645
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_646
APPENDIX V - CONTINUED - 14069_647
APPENDIX VI REFERENCES
APPENDIX VI - CONTINUED - 14069_650
APPENDIX VI - CONTINUED - 14069_651
APPENDIX VI - CONTINUED - 14069_652
APPENDIX VI - CONTINUED - 14069_653
INDEX - 14069_655
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_656
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_657
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_658
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_659
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_660
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_661
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_662
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_663
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_664
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_665
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_666
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_667
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_668
INDEX - CONTINUED - 14069_669
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_671
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_673
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_674
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_675
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_676
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_677
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_678
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_679
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_680
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_681
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_682
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_683
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_684
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_685
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_686
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_687
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_688
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_689
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_690
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_691
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_692
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_693
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_694
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_695
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_696
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_697
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_698
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_699
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_700
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_701
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_702
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_703
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_704
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_705
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_706
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_707
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_708
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_709
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_710
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_711
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_712
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_713
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_714
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_715
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_716
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_717
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_718
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_719
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_720
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_721
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_722
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_723
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_724
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_725
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_726
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_727
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_728
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_729
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_730
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_731
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_732
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_733
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_734
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_735
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_736
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_737
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_738
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_739
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_740
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_741
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_742
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_743
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_744
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_745
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_746
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_747
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_748
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_749
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_750
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_751
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_752
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_753
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_754
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_755
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_756
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_757
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_758
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_759
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_760
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_761
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_762
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_763
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_764
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_765
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_766
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_767
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_768
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_769
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_770
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS - 14069_771
