BranchesSolid and waste pipe BRANCHES arehorizontal branch takeoffs that connect variousfixtures and the vertical stack (fig. 8-19). Onemethod of installing a branch takeoff from thevertical stack is to use a Y-branch with a 1/8 bendcaulked into it. Another method is to use asanitary tee, which is an extra-short-pattern 900Y-branch. Of these two methods, the sanitary teeis better because you eliminate one fitting and anextra caulked joint, both of which arc requiredfor the 1/8 bend takeoff.In some cases, however, the combinationY and 1/8 bend is used more often than thesanitary tee when local codes allow more fixtureunits to be connected to a stack of a givensize.Generally, waste pipes are graded downwardto ensure complete drainage. Horizontal vents arealso pitched slightly to facilitate discharge ofcondensation.MECHANICAL PLANA mechanical plan, as used in this chapter,includes drawings, layouts, diagrams, and notesthat refer only to water distribution and sanitarydrainage systems. Heating and air conditioning,refrigeration, and other like systems will not bediscussed in this section. In the Navy, mechanicalsystems vary, depending on whether these systemsare aboard ship or shore-based. As an EA, youwill be mainly concerned with the shore-basedsystems, which may be permanent installationswith the most modern fixtures, equipment, andappurtenances, or temporary installations atadvanced bases. For temporary installations, themost economical materials that will serve thepurpose are normally used.WATER SUPPLY ANDDISTRIBUTION DIAGRAMThe water supply system for a building startsfrom a single source—the water main. Water istapped from this source with a self-tappingmachine (fig. 8-23, view B), and a corporationstop (fig. 8-23, view A) is installed. Cold waterenters the building through a cold-water serviceFigure 8-23.-Use of corporation stop and self-tappingmachine.8-17
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