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DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ELEMENTS AND ACCESSORIES
HYDRANT  LOCATIONS - 14071_58

Engineering Aid 2 - Intermediate Structural engineering guide book
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Figure  2-19.—Typical  distribution  system  layout. 3. STORAGE RESERVOIRS. Storage reservoirs are structures used to store water. They also equalize the supply or pressure in the distribution system. A common example  of  a  storage  reservoir  is  an  aboveground  water storage  tank. 4. SYSTEM ACCESSORIES. System accessories include  the  following: a. BOOSTER STATIONS. Booster stations are used to increase water pressure from storage tanks or low-pressure  mains. b. VALVES. Valves control the flow of water in the distribution system by isolating areas for repair or by regulating system flow or pressure. c.  HYDRANTS.  Hydrants  are  designed  to allow water from the distribution system to be used for fire-fighting  purposes. d. METERS. Meters record the flow of water in a part of the distribution system. e.   SERVICE   CONNECTIONS.   Service connections are used to connect individual buildings or other  plumbing  systems  to  the  distribution  system m a i n s. f.  BACKFLOW  PREVENTERS.  A   cross- connection  is  any  connection  between  a  potable  and nonpotable   water   system   through   which   a contaminating flow can occur. Backflow preventers, such as air gaps and vacuum breakers, are used to prevent  flow  through  potential  cross-connections. DISTRIBUTION  SYSTEM  LAYOUT When  distribution  systems  are  carefully  planned, the pipes are usually laid out in a grid or belt system. A network  of  large  pipes  divides  the  community  or  base into areas of several blocks each (fig. 2-19). The streets 2-17







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