There are several formulas for calculatingthe number of board feet in any given length oflumber of given section dimensions. Becauselumber dimensions are most frequently givenby length in feet and width and thickness ininches, the following formula is probably the mostpractical:Following the usual metric system of nomen-clature, subdivisions and multiples of the liter areas follows:b f =thickness in in. x width in in. x length in ft120.000001 liter = 1 microliter0.001 liter = 1 milliliter0 . 0 1 l i t e r = 1 c e n t i l i t e r0 . 1 0 l i t e r = 1 d e c i l i t e r10 . 0 0 l i t e r = 1 d e c a l i t e r100.00 liter = 1 hectoliter1 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 l i t e r = 1 k i l o l i t e rBoard measure is calculated on the basis ofthe nominal, not the actual, section dimensions.The actual section dimensions of (for example)2 by 4 stock, which is surfaced on all foursurfaces (S4S), are about 1 5/8 in. thick by 3 5/8in. wide. Nevertheless, the computation for thenumber of (for example) 300 linear ft of 2 by 4stock would be as follows:121002 x 4 x 300= 200 bf12631Electrical MeasureIn an electrical circuit there is a flow ofelectrons, roughly similar to the flow of water ina water pipe. The flow is occasioned by theproduction, at a generating station, battery, orother source, of an ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE(E), roughly similar to the "head" of water in awater system. The size of the electromotive forceis measured in units called VOLTS.Liquid MeasureThe rate of flow of the electrons through thecircuit is called the CURRENT (I). Current ismeasured in units called AMPERES.In the United States the basic unit of liquidmeasure is the GALLON, which has a volume of231 cu in. or 0.13 cu ft. The gallon is subdividedinto smaller units as follows:The usual conductor for transporting a flowof electrons through a circuit is wire. Generallyspeaking, the smaller the diameter of the wire, themore will be the RESISTANCE (R) to the flow,and the larger the diameter, the less the resistance.Resistance is measured in units called OHMS.1 gallon = 4 quarts1 quart = 2 pints1 pint = 4 gillsThe definitions of the units volt, ampere, andohm are as follows:Units larger than the gallon in liquid measureare as follows:1 volt1 ampere1 ohmElectromotive force required to senda current of 1 ampere through asystem in which the resistancemeasures 1 ohm.1 barrel = 31.5 gallons1 hogshead = 63 gallons or 2 barrelsFor petroleum products the standard barrelcontains 42 gallons.In the metric system the basic unit of liquidmeasure is the LITER, equal in volume to a cubicdecimeter, or about 61 cu in. There are 3.785 litersin a U.S. gallon.Rate of flow of electrons in a systemin which the electromotive force is1 volt and the resistance, 1 ohm.Resistance offered by a system inwhich the electromotive force is1 volt and the current, 1 ampere.1-32
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