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Wall Patterns
Table 7-2.-Nominal Length of Concrete Masonry Walls

Engineering Aid 3 - Beginning Structural engineering guide book
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Figure 7-41.-Blocks laid in relief. make  a  decorative  wall  called  a  PIERCED  or SCREEN wall. Other architectural effects can be achieved by laying some block in relief (fig. 7-41) or  by  varying  the  type  of  mortar  joint. Modular Planning Concrete masonry walls should be laid out to make  maximum  use  of  full-  and  half-length  units, thus minimizing cutting and fitting of units on the job. Length and height of walls, width and height of  openings,  and  wall  areas  between  doors, windows,  and  corners  should  be  planned  to  use full-size  and  half-size  units,  which  are  usually available (fig. 7-42). This procedure assumes that window  frames  and  doorframes  are  of  modular dimensions  that  fit  modular  full-  and  half-size units. Then, all horizontal dimensions should be in  multiples  of  nominal  full-length  masonry  units, and  both  horizontal  and  vertical  dimensions should  be  designed  to  be  in  multiples  of  8  in. Table   7-2   lists   nominal   lengths   of   concrete masonry  walls  by  stretchers,  and  table  7-3  lists nominal  heights  of  concrete  masonry  walls  by courses.  When  units  8  by  4  by  16  are  used,  the horizontal   dimension   should   be   planned   in multiples  of  8  in.  (half-length  units),  and  the vertical  dimensions,  in  multiples  of  4  in.  If  the thickness of the wall is greater or less than the length  of  a  half  unit,  a  special  length  unit  is required  at  each  corner  in  each  course. STRUCTURAL  CLAY  TILE  MASONRY Hollow  masonry  units  made  of  burned  clay or  shale  are  called,  variously,  structural  tiles, Figure 7-42.-Use of modular dimensions in concrete masonry wall openings. 7-26







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