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Insulation and Vapor Barriers
Kickplate for anchoring stairs to concrete

Engineering Aid 3 - Beginning Structural engineering guide book
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Figure 6-67.-Outlet ventilators: A. Triangular; B. Typical cross section; C. Half-circle; D. Square; E. Vertical; F. Soffit. Figure 6-68.-Inlet ventilators: A. Small insert ventilator; B. Slot ventilator. barrier.  Foil-backed  gypsum  lath  or  gyspum boards are also available and serve as excellent vapor barriers. Where other types of membrane vapor  barriers  were  not  installed  during  con- struction, several coats of paint do provide some protection.  Aluminum  primer  and  then  several coats  of  flat  wall  or  oil  paint  are  effective  in retarding  vapor  transmission. Even  where  vapor  barriers  are  used,  con- densation  of  moisture  vapor  may  occur  in  the attic, in roof spaces, and in crawl spaces, if any, under  the  building  or  porch.  In  such  spaces, VENTILATION  is  the  most  practical  method  of removing  condensed  or  hot  air  that  may  other- wise  facilitate  decay  to  the  structure.  It  is common  practice  to  install  ventilators,  several types of which are shown in figures 6-67 and 6-68. Stairs The two principal elements in a stairway are the  TREADS,  which  people  walk  on,  and  the STRINGERS  (also  called  springing  trees,  strings, horses, and carriages), which support the treads. The simplest type of stairway, shown at the left in  figure  6-69,  consists  of  these  two  elements alone. 6-38







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