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ARCHITECTURAL  DIVIS1ON - 14070_84
FIRE PROTECTION DIVISION - 14070_86

Engineering Aid 1 - Advanced Structural engineering guide book
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Figure 4-2.—Riser diagram for waste and soil piping. needed  to  install  the  plumbing  system.  As  the complexity  of  the  building  plumbing  increases, however, your ability to describe the plumbing layout accurately  and  clearly  using  only  a  plumbing  plan diminishes. This can easily lead to misinterpretations by the users of the plan. In such cases as this, it is common practice to supplement the plumbing plan with riser diagrams. The most commonly used type of riser diagram for plumbing is the isometric riser diagram. As you see in the examples shown in figures 4-1 and 4-2, the isometric riser   diagram   provides   a   three-dimensional representation of the plumbing system. Although a riser diagram is usually not drawn to scale, it should be correctly proportioned. In other words, a long run of piping in the plumbing plan should be shown as a long run of piping in the riser diagram. Conversely, short runs should be shown as short runs. Make sure, too, that you use  proper  symbols  (from  MIL-STD-17B)  for  the piping and fittings. This makes it easy for someone familiar with the symbols to read and interpret the drawing. A glance at figure 4-1 tells you, for example, that the plumbing system contains three gate valves and that all of the fittings are screw-type fittings. Be sure that the pipe sizes are properly labeled, especially where changes in pipe size occur. Label all fixture connections to identify to what fixture the piping connects. In figure 4-1, the fixtures are spelled out; however, it is also common  practice  to  label  the  fixtures  using  an alphanumeric coding, keyed to a fixture schedule. Another type of riser diagram, though less often used in construction drawings, is the orthographic riser diagram that shows the plumbing system in elevation. When used, it is normally reserved for buildings that are two or more stories in height. Also, since you probably cannot clearly describe an entire plumbing system for a building  in  a  single  elevation,  more  than  one orthographic riser diagram is necessary for the building. Examples  of  these  diagrams  can  be  found  in Architectural  Graphic  Standards,  by  Ramsey  and Sleeper. ELECTRICAL DIVISION Included in the electrical section are power and lighting  plans,  electrical  diagrams,  details,  and schedules. Chapters 9 and 10 of the EA3 TRAMAN provide a discussion of interior wiring materials and the drawing of electrical plans. Electrical single-line block diagrams are drawings that  show  electrical  components  and  their  related connections in a diagrammatic form. The diagrams, seldom  drawn  to  scale,  use  standard  symbols  to represent individual pieces of electrical equipment and lines to represent the conductors or wires connecting the equipment. 4-3







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