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Figure  8-25.-Ridge  and  spur. - 14070_169
CONTOUR  MAP  CONSTRUCTION - 14070_171

Engineering Aid 1 - Advanced Structural engineering guide book
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Table  8-1.-Recommended  Contour  Intervals–Topographic   Map Cuts and fills are man-made features that result when the bed of a road or railroad is graded or leveled off by cutting through high areas and filling in low areas along  the  right-of-way  (fig.  8-28). A  vertical  or  near  vertical  slope  is  a  cliff.  As described previously, when the slope of an inclined surface  increases,  the  contour  lines  become  closer together. In the case of a cliff, the contour lines can actually join, as shown in figure 8-29. Notice the tick marks shown in this figure. These tick marks always point   downgrade. MAP SCALES AND CONTOUR INTERVALS A  topographic intermediate  scale, following  criteria: Large scale: Intermediate  scale: Small scale: The   designated map  is  called or small scale either large scale, by  the  use  of  the 1 inch= 100 feet or less any scale from 1 inch= 100 feet to 1 inch= 1,000 feet 1 inch= 1,000 feet or more. contour interval varies with the purpose and scale of the map and the character of the terrain.  Table  8-1  shows  the  recommended  contour intervals that you may use to prepare a topographic map. Figure 8-28.-Contour (cut and fill). 8-20







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