CUBE—Rectangular solid figure in which all sixfaces are square.CUTTING PLANE LINES—Thick, heavy linesused to indicate a plane or planes in which asectional view is taken.CYLINDER—A solid figure with two equalcircular bases.DATUM—Any numerical or geometrical quantitythat serves as a reference or base for otherquantities. It is described by such names asgeodetic, leveling, North American, or tidaldatum, depending upon its purpose whenestablished.DATUM LINES—Dark medium lines consistingof one long and two short dashes evenly spaced;used to define a line or plane of reference.DECIMAL—The result of dividing the numerator(top number) of a fraction by the denominator(bottom number); for example, 1/2 = .5,3/8 = .375, 17/100 = .17.DECLINATION—The angle between true northand either grid or magnetic north.DEFLECTION ANGLE—A horizontal anglemeasured from the prolongation of the precedingline, clockwise or counterclockwise as necessary,to the following line.DEGREE—A 360th part of the circumference ofa circle; also, a 360th part of a revolution abouta point; used to define the size of an angle.DEPARTURE—In a plane survey, the amountthat one end of a line is east or west of the otherend. The plane coordinates of a point are knownas the casting and northing of the point, and thedeparture is the difference between the castingsof the two ends of the line, which may be eitherplus or minus.DESIGN MANUALS (DMs)—Publications con-taining guidelines set forth by the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command.DETAIL PAPER—Heavy opaque, buff, orneutral green drawing paper that takes pencil well.DIAGONAL—A line that connects any twononadjacent corners of a plane figure.DIAMETER—A straight line passing through thecenter of a circle or sphere whose ends terminateat the circumference or surface.DIMENSION LINE—A thin, unbroken line(except in the case of structural drafting) with eachend terminating with an arrowhead; used to definethe dimensions of an object. Dimensions areplaced above the line except in structural draftingwhere the line is broken and the dimension placedin the break.DIRECT LEVELING—The determination ofdifferences of elevation by means of a continuousseries of short horizontal lines. Vertical distancesfrom these lines to adjacent ground marks aredetermined by direct observations on graduatedrods with a leveling instrument equipped with aspirit level.DIRECT READING—The reading of thehorizontal or vertical circle of a theodolite orengineer transit with the telescope direct.DISCREPANCY—1. The difference betweenduplicate or comparable measures of a quantity.2. The difference between computed values of aquantity obtained by different processes in thesame survey.DISPLAY CHART—Chart used to convey datato nontechnical audiences.DIVIDERS—Instrument used to transferdistances.DRAFTING MEDIA—Materials used to drawon. Basically, three types are used: paper, cloth,and film.EASTING—One of the two values indicating theposition of a point on a grid system. The castingcoordinate is abbreviated E.ELEVATION—The vertical distance of a pointabove or below a reference surface, or leveldatum; often abbreviated ELEV.ELLIPSE—A plane closed curve having the sumof the distances from any point on the curve totwo fixed points a constant.ENGINEER’S SCALE—A scale used wheneverdimensions are in feet and decimal parts of a foot,or when the scale ratio is a multiple of 10.AI-5
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