shoring is sometimes done when it is not really
Q5.
The one very important thing to remember
necessary, the best general rule is this: "If in doubt,
about flooding is that a ship can sink just as
shore it."
easily from a series of small and insignificant
looking holes, as it can from one large and
SHORING MATERIALS
more dramatic looking hole.
1.
True
The basic materials required for shoring are as
follows: shores, wedges, sholes, and strongbacks.
2.
False
A shore is a portable beam.
Q6.
Plugs made of softwood, such as yellow pine
or fir, are quite effective for plugging holes up
A wedge is a block, triangular on the sides and
to what size?
rectangular on the butt end.
1.
6 inches by 6 inches
A shole is a flat block that may be placed under the
end of a shore to distribute pressure.
2.
5 inches by 5 inches
A strongback is a bar or beam of wood or metal
3.
3 inches by 3 inches
that is used to distribute pressure or to serve as an
4.
4 inches by 4 inches
anchor for a patch. The strongback is often shorter than
a shore.
Q7.
It is best to wrap a plug with lightweight cloth
before inserting it because the cloth keeps the
Many other items are used in connection with
plug in place and fills gaps between plugs.
shoring. They include wooden battens, claw hammers,
mauls and sledges, handsaws, mattresses, pillows,
1.
True
axes, hatchets, wood clamps, chain falls, electric
2.
False
welding machines, oxyacetylene cutting outfits, cold
chisels, wood chisels, nails, wooden plugs, packing
Q8.
What type of patches are effective for use over
sheets, turnbuckles, screw jacks, hydraulic jacks,
holes that have jagged edges projecting
bolts, nuts, and washers. The Coordinated Shipboard
inboard?
Allowance List (COSAL) lists the quantity of such
1.
Hinged
gear that each ship should carry on board.
2.
Folding T
Shores
3.
Hook bolt
The best woods available for shores are Douglas fir
4.
Box
and yellow pine. Hemlock and spruce may also be
used. However, they are not as good because they are
not as strong. Any wood used for shores should be
straight grained and relatively free of knots and cracks.
SHORING
Green timbers are not as strong as cured timbers. If it is
necessary to use a poor quality wood, use more shores
Learning Objective: Identify the various types of
than would be required for shores of a better quality
shoring materials and the general rules that govern their
wood. Shores authorized for shipboard use are treated
use.
with a fire-resisting chemical. They should NEVER be
painted with an ordinary paint.
Shoring is often used aboard ship to support
ruptured decks, to strengthen weakened bulkheads and
The length of a shore should never be more than 30
decks, to build up temporary decks and bulkheads
times its minimum thickness. Thus shores that have
against the sea, to support hatches and doors, and to
dimensions of 4 inches by 4 inches or 4 inches by 6
provide support for equipment that has broken loose.
inches should not be any longer than 10 feet. A shore
that is 6 inches by 6 inches should not be any longer
Knowing when to shore is a problem that cannot be
than 15 feet. The shorter the shore is in relation to its
solved by the application of any one set of rules.
thickness, the greater the weight it will support. Shores
Sometimes the need for shoring is obvious. Examples
should normally be carried aboard ship in 16-foot and
are loose machinery or damaged hatches. However,
18-foot lengths that can be cut to the required lengths
dangerously weakened supports under guns or
when needed.
machinery may not be so readily noticed. Although
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