Figure 7-37.—Typical sizes and shapes of concrete masonry units.in figure 7-37. Concrete unit sizes are usuallyreferred to by their nominal dimensions. A unitmeasuring 7 5/8 in. wide, 7 5/8 in. high, and 155/8 in. long is referred to as an 8- by 8- by 16-in.unit. When it is laid in a wall with 3/8-in. mortarjoints, the unit will occupy a space 16 in. long and8 in. high. Besides the basic 8- by 8- by 16-in.units, the illustration shows a smaller partitionunit and other units that are used much as cutbrick are in brick masonry.The corner unit is laid at a corner or at somesimilar point where a smooth, rather than arecessed, end is required. The header unit is usedin a backing course placed behind a brick face tierheader course. Part of the block is cut away toadmit the brick headers. The uses of the othershapes shown are self-evident. Besides the shapesshown in figure 7-37, a number of smaller shapesfor various special purposes are available. Unitsmay be cut to the desired shapes with a bolsteror, more conveniently and accurately, with apower-driven masonry saw.The sides and the recessed ends of a concreteblock are called the SHELL (fig. 7-38). The7-24
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