Figure 1-25.—Dolphins.
The superstructure (fig. 1-24) consists of a single
layer of 4 by 12 planks laid on 19 inside stringers
measuring 6 inches by 14 inches by 14 feet. The inside
stringers are fastened to the pile caps with driftbolts. The
outside stringers are fastened to the pile caps with bolts.
The deck planks are fastened to the stringers with 3/8-
by 8-inch spikes. After the deck is laid, 12-foot lengths
of 8 by 10 are laid over the outside stringers to form the
curbing. The lengths of curbing are distributed as shown
in the general plan. The curbing is bolted to the outside
stringers.
The pier is equipped with a fender system for
protection against shock, caused by contact with vessels
coming or lying alongside. Fender piles, spaced as
shown in the part plan, are driven along both sides of the
pier and bolted to the outside stringers. The heads of
these bolts are countersunk below the surfaces of the
piles. An 8-by-10 fender wale is bolted to the backs of
the fender piles. Lengths of 8-by-10 fender-pile chocks
are cut to fit between the piles and bolted to the outside
stringers and the fender wales. The spacing for these
bolts is shown in the part plan. As shown in the general
plan, the fender system also includes two 14-pile
dolphins, located 15 feet beyond the end of the pier. A
dolphin is an isolated cluster of piles, constructed as
shown in figure 1-25. A similar cluster attached to a pier
is called a pile cluster.
TIMBER FASTENERS AND
CONNECTORS
From your studies of the EA3 TRAMAN, you
should be aware that it is usually unnecessary to call out
in working drawings the types of fasteners used for light
frame construction. This is not the case, however, for
heavy timber construction. As an EA preparing
drawings for timber structures, you need to have a
working knowledge of timber fasteners and connectors
and the manner in which they are used. The following
text discusses the more common types.
TIMBER FASTENERS
Bolts used to fasten heavy timbers usually come in
1/2-, 3/4-, and 1-inch diameters and have square heads
and nuts. In use, the bolts are fitted with round steel
1-14
