Figure 1-32.—Structural steel shapes and designations.terminology applied to structural steel members, the useof these members, and the methods by which they areconnected.STRUCTURAL STEEL SHAPESStructural steel is manufactured in a wide variety ofcross-sectional shapes and sizes. Figure 1-32 showsmany of these various shapes.Figure 1-33 shows cross-sectional views of theW-shape (wide flange), the S-shape (AmericanStandard I-beam), and the C-shape (American Standardchannel). The W-shape is the most widely usedstructural member for beams, columns, and otherload-bearing applications. As seen in the figure, it hasparallel inner and outer flange surfaces that are ofconstant thickness. This flange design provides greatercross-sectional area in the flanges, which results ingreater strength than is provided by the S-shape, whichhas a slope of approximately 17 degrees on the innerflange surfaces. The C-shape is similar to the S-shape inthat its inner flange surface is also sloped approximately17 degrees. The C-shape is especially useful in locationssection describes structural steel shapes, theFigure 1-33.—Structural shapes.where a single flat surface on one side is required. Whenused alone, the C-shape is not very efficient as a beamor column. However, efficient built-up members maybeconstructed of charnels assembled together with otherstructural shapes and connected by rivets or welds.The W-, S-, and C-shape structural members aredesignated by their nominal depth, in inches, along the1-17
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