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BREAK LINES
VIEWING  OR  CUTTING  PLANE  LINES

Engineering Aid 3 - Beginning Structural engineering guide book
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On  the  original  object,  the  ratio  of  width  to length is 1:100. You can see that on the drawing the  ratio  is  much  larger  (roughly  about  1:8). However, the break tells you that a considerable amount  of  the  central  part  of  the  figure  is presumed  to  be  removed. The thick, wavy lines shown in view (A), figure 3-34,  are  used  for  a  short  break.  A  short  break is  indicated  by  solid,  freehand  lines,  and  is generally  used  for  rectangular  sections.  For wooden  rectangular  sections,  the  breaks  are  made sharper (serrated appearance) rather than wavy. For long breaks, full, ruled lines with freehand zigzags are used, as shown in view (B), figure 3-34. For wider objects, a long break might have more than  one  pair  of  zigzag  lines. For  drawings  made  to  a  large  scale,  special conventions are used that apply to drawing breaks in such things as metal rods, tubes, or bars. The methods  of  drawing  these  breaks  are  shown  in figure 3-35. PHANTOM  LINES Phantom  lines  are  used  most  frequently  to indicate an alternate position of a moving part, as shown in the left-hand view of figure 3-36. The part in one position is drawn in full lines, while in the alternate position it is drawn in phantom lines. Phantom lines are also used to indicate a break when  the  nature  of  the  object  makes  the  use  of the  conventional  type  of  break  unfeasible.  An example of this use of phantom lines is shown in the  right-hand  view  of  figure  3-36. Figure 3-36.-Use of phantom lines. SECTION LINES Sometimes  the  technical  information  conveyed by a drawing can best be shown by a view that represents  the  object  as  it  would  look  if  part  of it were cut away. A view of this kind is called a section. The  upper  view  of  figure  3-37  shows  a  plan view of a pipe sleeve. The lower view is a section, Figure 3-35.-Use of special breaks. 3-24 Figure 3-37.-Drawing of a plan view and a full section.







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