Figure 10-10.—Profile and mass diagram.Remember that sections where the volume(yardage) changes from cut to fill correspond to amaximum in the mass diagram curve, and sectionswhere it changes from fill to cut correspond to aminimum. The peaks and the lowest points of the massdiagram that represent the maximum or minimumyardage, occur at, or near, the grade line on the profile.Balancing Cuts and Fills.— To understand themanner in which the mass diagram is used to balancecuts and fills and how haul limit is determined, let’sexamine figure 10-10. Here the profile of a road, fromstations 0 + 00 to 20 + 00, has been plotted above themass diagram. You can see that they are plotted on thesame horizontal scale. The labeled sections and arrowson the profile show relatively what is to be done to thecuts and fills; and where the limit of economical haulis exceeded, the cut is wasted, and the fill is borrowed.In figure 10-10, a 500-foot haul-limit line has beeninserted into the mass diagram curve above and belowthe lines of zero yardage. (The 500-foot distance islaid out to scale horizontally parallel to the line of zeroyardage.) The terminal points of these haul-limitdistances were projected to the profile curve, asindicated. You can see that the cut lying betweenstations 1 + 00 and 3 + 50 can be hauled economicallyas far as station 6 + 00; that lying between stations 10+ 50 and 13 + 00, as far as station 8 + 00; and that lyingbetween stations 14 + 00 and 16 + 50, as far as station19 + 00. This leaves the cut between stations 0 + 00and 1 + 00, the fill between stations 6 + 00 and 8 + 00,the cut between stations 13 + 00 and 14 + 00, and thefill between stations 19 + 00 and 20 + 00.As indicated in figure 10-10, the cut betweenstations 0 + 00 and 1 + 00, lying outside the limit ofeconomical haul distance, would be wasted; that is,dumped into a nearby spoil area or ravine. The cut10-13
Integrated Publishing, Inc. - A (SDVOSB) Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business
