Figure 6-19.-Typical floor framing with subflooring.
as a working platform and base for finish
flooring (fig. 6-19). Sub flooring may be applied
either diagonally (most common) or at right angles
to the joists. Diagonal subflooring permits finish
flooring to be laid either parallel to, or, more
commonly, at right angles to, the joists. The joist
spacing should not exceed 16 in. O.C. when finish
flooring is laid parallel to the joists or when
parquet finish flooring is used.
WALL FRAMING
As with floor construction, two general types
of wall framing are commonly used: platform
construction and balloon-frame construction. The
platform method shown in figure 6-9 is more often
used because of its simplicity.
A typical wall frame (fig. 6-20) is composed
of regular studs, cripples, trimmers, headers, and
fire stops (fig. 6-10) and is supported by the floor
soleplate, The wall framing members used in
conventional construction are generally nominal
2 by 4 in. in size. The requirements are good
stiffness, good nail-holding ability, freedom from
warp, reasonable dryness (about 15-percent
moisture content), and ease of working. The
closely spaced and slender vertical members of the
wall framing are called the STUDS. They support
the top plates and provide the framework to which
the wall sheathing is nailed on the outside and
which supports the lath, plaster, and insulation
on the inside. TOP PLATES (or CAPS) are
horizontal wood framing members that are nailed
to the tops of the wall or partition studs.
SOLEPLATES are horizontal wood framing
members that serve as nailing bases for studs in
platform-framing construction. HEADERS form
the upper members of a rough doorframe, or
upper or lower members of a rough window
frame. Similar members that form the ends of a
rough floor or roof opening (as a skylight) are
also called headers.
Partition
The inside space of a building is divided by
partition walls. In most cases, these walls are
framed as part of the building. There are two
types of partition walls: BEARING and
NONBEARING. Partition walls of the bearing
type support the ceiling joists and all other loads
imposed upon them; those of the nonbearing type
support only themselves and are usually installed
after the other framework is put in. Partition walls
are framed in the same manner as outside walls,
and door openings are framed as outside
openings. CORNER POSTS or T-POSTS are
used at corners or where one partition wall joins
another. They provide nailing surfaces for the
inside wall finish (fig. 6-21).
6-18
